CPU
Core i7
Central Processing Unit
REGS
CPU Registers
CACHE
L1/L2/L3
CPU Cache
RAM
8 - 64 GB
DDR5
Main Memory (RAM)
RAM
Slot 2
RAM Slot 2
NVMe SSD
512GB - 2TB
NVMe SSD
HDD
Magnetic
Hard Disk Drive
GPU
Graphics
GPU / Graphics Processor
CHIPSET
Bus
Chipset / System Bus
MMU
Memory Management Unit
DMA
DMA Controller
IRQ
CTRL
Interrupt Controller
TLB
Translation Lookaside Buffer
I/O
USB/SATA
I/O Ports & Controllers
TIMER
Hardware Timer
PWR
Power / Battery
CPU/Bus
Memory
Storage
I/O
Control
OS Software Stack - Click any layer
User Applications
Highest privilege level 3 (user mode)
Web BrowserText EditorGamesCompilers
↓
System Call Interface
Bridge between user & kernel (POSIX)
fork()exec()open()read()write()
↓
Process Management
Scheduler, PCB, context switch, IPC
PCBFCFSSJFRound RobinPriority
↓
Memory Management
Paging, segmentation, virtual memory
Page TableTLBDemand PagingLRU
↓
Synchronization
Semaphores, mutexes, monitors, deadlock
SemaphoreMutexMonitorDeadlock
↓
File System
Allocation, directories, free space
ContiguousLinkedIndexedinode
↓
Kernel / Hardware Abstraction
Ring 0 - full privilege
MonolithicMicrokernelDevice DriversISR
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Click any component to explore how it works in CS330
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